Зэрэгцүүлэх холбоос
and: in addition ба, бол, бєгєєд, бас, олон хийгээд
but: however боловч, харин, гэтэл, гэвч, -вч
or: alternatively эсвэл, буюу
nor: and neither ...ч үгүй
yet: however
хараахан, бас, атал
and: in addition She tried and succeeded.
but: however They tried but did not succeed.
or: alternatively Did you go out or stay at home?
nor: and neither I did not see it, nor did they.
yet: however The sun is warm, yet the air is cool.
Correlative conjunctions
Хамаатуулах холбоос
both ... and аль аль нь, . . . ч тэр
either ... or Эсвэл
neither ... nor …ч биш
both ... and He is both intelligent and good-natured.
either ... or I will either go for a walk or read a book.
neither ... nor He is neither rich nor famous.
hardly ... when He had hardly begun to work, when he was interrupted.
if ... then If that is true, then what happened is not surprising.
no sooner ... than No sooner had I reached the corner, than the bus came.
not only ... but also She is not only clever, but also hard-working.
rather ... than I would rather go swimming than go to the library.
scarcely ... when Scarcely had we left home, when it started to rain.
what with ... and What with all her aunts, uncles and cousins, she has many relatives.
whether ... or Have you decided whether you will come or not?
Subordinate Conjunctions
Захируулах холбоос
As аар, тул, тєдийгүй учраас, -аас4, шиг, -хад
1. because: As he is my friend, I will help him.
2. when: We watched as the plane took off.
After хойно, ард нь, дараа ард
1. later in time: After the train left, we went home.
Although ядаж, боловч
or though хэдийгээр, тийм боловч
1. in spite of the fact that: Although it was after midnight, we did not feel tired.
Before урд ємнє, урд нь
1. earlier than: I arrived before the stores were open.
Because учраас, болохоор, тул
1. for the reason that: We had to wait, because we arrived early.
For тєлєє, -д, яагаад гэвэл, учир нь
1. for, because: He is happy, for he enjoys his work.
If хэрэв, ...тэгвэл, хэрвээ ..бол
1. on condition that: If she is here, we will see her.
Lest болуузай, -уузай, -вий
1. for fear that: I watched closely, lest he make a mistake.
Note the use of the Subjunctive Mood in the clause with lest.
Providing харгалзан үзэж
or provided ...нєхцєлд,...бал, -вэл, ...тохиолдолд, -бал, -вал
1. on condition that: All will be well, providing you are careful.
Since учир, тэр үеэс, -аас хойш
1. from a past time: I have been here since the sun rose.
2. as, because: Since you are here, you can help me.
So or so that иймд, тийм учраас, тулд, гэж
1. consequently: It was raining, so we did not go out.
2. in order that: I am saving money so I can buy a bicycle.
Note: When used with the meaning in order that, so is usually followed by that in formal English.
e.g. I am saving money so that I can buy a bicycle.
Supposing тєсєєлєх, тааварлах, бодож үзэх
1. if: Supposing that happens, what will you do?
Than аас4, харьцуулалт
1. used in comparisons: He is taller than you are.
Unless -аас биш, үгүй бол, хэрэв...гүй
1. except when, if not: Unless he helps us, we cannot succeed.
Until or till ... хүртэл, болтол, -аас
1. up to the time when: I will wait until I hear from you.
Whereas ... учир, ... тул, харин, гэтэл
1. because: Whereas this is a public building, it is open to everyone.
2. on the other hand: He is short, whereas you are tall.
Whether ... уу үгүй юу, эсэх
1. if: I do not know whether she was invited.
While хооронд, хэсэг зуур, ингэх үед
1. at the time when: While it was snowing, we played cards.
2. on the other hand: He is rich, while his friend is poor.
3. although: While I am not an expert, I will do my best.
As if юм шиг
1. in a similar way: She talks as if she knows everything.
As long as зөвхөн, -х тохиолдолд
1. if: As long as we cooperate, we can finish the work easily.
2. while: He has lived there as long as I have known him.
As soon as - магц
1. immediately when: Write to me as soon as you can.
As though
1. in a similar way: It looks as though there will be a storm.
Even if
1. in spite of a possibility: I am going out even if it rains.
In case хэрэв, -бал, -ж магадгүй тул
1. because of a possibility: Take a sweater in case it gets cold.
Connecting Adverbs
Холбох дайвар үг
accordingly: so ийм учраас, тиймд, тиймийн тулд, түүнчлэн
also: in addition бас, мөн, түүнчлэн
besides: in addition нөгөөтэйгүүр, -ээс гадна
consequently: so ийм учраас, иймээс
furthermore: in add нэн ялангуяа, үүнээс гадна
hence: for that reason үүнээс, эндээс, ийм учраас …
however: but хэдий тийм боловч, гэвч
likewise: in addition адилхан, бас, мөн, түүнчлэн
moreover: in addition түүнээс гадна, жич
nevertheless: but тийм байтал,гэтэл,гэвч,тэгэвч
otherwise: if not –гүй бол, эсвэл, эсрэг тохиолдолд
still: but нам гүм, өнөөг хүртэл, гэвч
then: next, so дараа, хойно, -ээс гадна, учраас
therefore: иймээс, ийм учраас, тэгээд
thus: so, in this way тэгэхээр, иймд, ийм маягаар, энэ мэтээр
and: in addition ба, бол, бєгєєд, бас, олон хийгээд
but: however боловч, харин, гэтэл, гэвч, -вч
or: alternatively эсвэл, буюу
nor: and neither ...ч үгүй
yet: however
хараахан, бас, атал
and: in addition She tried and succeeded.
but: however They tried but did not succeed.
or: alternatively Did you go out or stay at home?
nor: and neither I did not see it, nor did they.
yet: however The sun is warm, yet the air is cool.
Correlative conjunctions
Хамаатуулах холбоос
both ... and аль аль нь, . . . ч тэр
either ... or Эсвэл
neither ... nor …ч биш
both ... and He is both intelligent and good-natured.
either ... or I will either go for a walk or read a book.
neither ... nor He is neither rich nor famous.
hardly ... when He had hardly begun to work, when he was interrupted.
if ... then If that is true, then what happened is not surprising.
no sooner ... than No sooner had I reached the corner, than the bus came.
not only ... but also She is not only clever, but also hard-working.
rather ... than I would rather go swimming than go to the library.
scarcely ... when Scarcely had we left home, when it started to rain.
what with ... and What with all her aunts, uncles and cousins, she has many relatives.
whether ... or Have you decided whether you will come or not?
Subordinate Conjunctions
Захируулах холбоос
As аар, тул, тєдийгүй учраас, -аас4, шиг, -хад
1. because: As he is my friend, I will help him.
2. when: We watched as the plane took off.
After хойно, ард нь, дараа ард
1. later in time: After the train left, we went home.
Although ядаж, боловч
or though хэдийгээр, тийм боловч
1. in spite of the fact that: Although it was after midnight, we did not feel tired.
Before урд ємнє, урд нь
1. earlier than: I arrived before the stores were open.
Because учраас, болохоор, тул
1. for the reason that: We had to wait, because we arrived early.
For тєлєє, -д, яагаад гэвэл, учир нь
1. for, because: He is happy, for he enjoys his work.
If хэрэв, ...тэгвэл, хэрвээ ..бол
1. on condition that: If she is here, we will see her.
Lest болуузай, -уузай, -вий
1. for fear that: I watched closely, lest he make a mistake.
Note the use of the Subjunctive Mood in the clause with lest.
Providing харгалзан үзэж
or provided ...нєхцєлд,...бал, -вэл, ...тохиолдолд, -бал, -вал
1. on condition that: All will be well, providing you are careful.
Since учир, тэр үеэс, -аас хойш
1. from a past time: I have been here since the sun rose.
2. as, because: Since you are here, you can help me.
So or so that иймд, тийм учраас, тулд, гэж
1. consequently: It was raining, so we did not go out.
2. in order that: I am saving money so I can buy a bicycle.
Note: When used with the meaning in order that, so is usually followed by that in formal English.
e.g. I am saving money so that I can buy a bicycle.
Supposing тєсєєлєх, тааварлах, бодож үзэх
1. if: Supposing that happens, what will you do?
Than аас4, харьцуулалт
1. used in comparisons: He is taller than you are.
Unless -аас биш, үгүй бол, хэрэв...гүй
1. except when, if not: Unless he helps us, we cannot succeed.
Until or till ... хүртэл, болтол, -аас
1. up to the time when: I will wait until I hear from you.
Whereas ... учир, ... тул, харин, гэтэл
1. because: Whereas this is a public building, it is open to everyone.
2. on the other hand: He is short, whereas you are tall.
Whether ... уу үгүй юу, эсэх
1. if: I do not know whether she was invited.
While хооронд, хэсэг зуур, ингэх үед
1. at the time when: While it was snowing, we played cards.
2. on the other hand: He is rich, while his friend is poor.
3. although: While I am not an expert, I will do my best.
As if юм шиг
1. in a similar way: She talks as if she knows everything.
As long as зөвхөн, -х тохиолдолд
1. if: As long as we cooperate, we can finish the work easily.
2. while: He has lived there as long as I have known him.
As soon as - магц
1. immediately when: Write to me as soon as you can.
As though
1. in a similar way: It looks as though there will be a storm.
Even if
1. in spite of a possibility: I am going out even if it rains.
In case хэрэв, -бал, -ж магадгүй тул
1. because of a possibility: Take a sweater in case it gets cold.
Connecting Adverbs
Холбох дайвар үг
accordingly: so ийм учраас, тиймд, тиймийн тулд, түүнчлэн
also: in addition бас, мөн, түүнчлэн
besides: in addition нөгөөтэйгүүр, -ээс гадна
consequently: so ийм учраас, иймээс
furthermore: in add нэн ялангуяа, үүнээс гадна
hence: for that reason үүнээс, эндээс, ийм учраас …
however: but хэдий тийм боловч, гэвч
likewise: in addition адилхан, бас, мөн, түүнчлэн
moreover: in addition түүнээс гадна, жич
nevertheless: but тийм байтал,гэтэл,гэвч,тэгэвч
otherwise: if not –гүй бол, эсвэл, эсрэг тохиолдолд
still: but нам гүм, өнөөг хүртэл, гэвч
then: next, so дараа, хойно, -ээс гадна, учраас
therefore: иймээс, ийм учраас, тэгээд
thus: so, in this way тэгэхээр, иймд, ийм маягаар, энэ мэтээр
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